Wrench.



W. L. BESSOLO.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23. I913. RENEWED JULY 7 1915.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I mmwt,

I INVENTOR May/7M1 56s0 WITNESSES AJTTOBNIEYS W. L. BESSOLO.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23. I913. RENEWED JULY 7. I915.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES MTOBIIIEVS cable to cylindrical objects.

sas

WRENGH.

LTESA.

specification of Letters Patent.

/ Patented that. 26, 19th.

Application filed @ctober as, 1913, Serial No. 796,910. lkitenewed July 7, 19-15. Serial 110.3%,510.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it @own that I, WILLIAM Louis Ensmm, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of San Diego, in the county of San Diego and State of California, have invented an Improvement in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is a wrench applicable either to polygonal nuts or to pipes or other cylindrical objects, the construction and combination of parts being, such that the jaws grip the object more firmly when the leverage is applied to the handle. The shank and handle are connected by a rule-joint and the movable jaw is connected with a ratchet locking device which is adjustable on the handle corresponding to the extent to which the jaws are opened or closed.

My invention is embodied in two closely related forms, one adapted for application to nuts or other polygonal ob ects, the other being a pipe wrench and thus appli- One form is illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the drawing and the other in Figs. 4:, 5, and 6.

Fig. 1 is in part a side view and in part a section of the nut wrench showing the position of the handle and movable jaw when the wrench is being applied to a nut. Fig. 2 is a side view of the same wrench, showing the angle of the handle and position of the movable jaw when applied to a nut. Fig. 3 is an edge View of the wrench. Fig. 4: is a side view of'the pipe wrench form with the handle and movable jaw in the position adapted for application to a pipe or cylindrical object. Fig. 5 is in part a side view and in part a section of the same wrench, showing the handle and movable jaw in the position they assume in operation of the wrench. Fig. 6 is anedge VleW.

T will first describe the invention illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The numeral 1 indicates the head or fixed jaw, 2 the polygonal shank of the same, and 3 the movable jaw adapted to slide on the shank. 4 indicates a handle which is connected with the shank by a rule-joint 5 that permits the two parts to be adjusted at slight angles to each other, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. A ratchet bar 6 is ivoted at 7 to the movable jaw 3 and provided on its outer side with ratchet teeth 8 projecting rearward. This 'bar is adapted to slide in' a lengthwise slot formed in a projection 4: of the handle, and a plate spring 9 is secured to the rear end of the shank 2 and its free end projects rearward and bears upon the ratchet bar, thus tending to hold it in engagement with a cross-pin 10 WhlCh passes through the slotted projection n. It willnow be apparent that the movable law may be slid toward or from the fixed aw 1 to adapt it for engagement with or disengagement from a not or other polygonal object. When the wrench is to be applied to a nut, as illustrated in Fig. 1, the handle is thrown backward at a slight angle, and the nut having been received between the jaws, the movable jaw 3 may be pushed toward it it required, in which case the ratchet bar will slide over the stop pin 10. Tu any case, by pulling or pushing on the handle 4 inthe direction indicated in Fig. 2, the pin 10 1s moved'nearer to the fixed jaw 1 and owing to its engagement with the ratchet 6, the movable jaw is thereby slid on the shank and pressed toward the nut, so as to grip it more firmly than would be otherwise practicable. Tn other words, when the wrench is properly applied to a nut, the handle is held at the angle indicated in Fig. 1, and then upon applying leverage, the jaws grip the nut as indicated in Fig. 2. in order to slide the movable jaw back on the shank 2, it is obviously only necessary to apply slight pressure to the free end of the ratchet bar 6 by which the spring 5 is pressed inward and the ratchet clearedfrom the stop 10.

In the pipe wrench form shown in Figs. {1, 5, and 6, the fixed jaw is indicated by 11, the shank thereof by 12, and the movable jaw by 13, the two jaws being pivoted togather and the shank of the movable jaw passing. through a slot in the shank 12 of the other. The handle 14 is connected with the shank of the fixed jaw by a rule-joint 15 substantially in the same manner as in the wrench illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The shank of the movable jaw is connected by links 16 with a ratchet bar 17 which is practically in L-shaped form, the shorter arm projecting through a slot l8see Fig. tiextending lengthwise ofthe handle. The handle is provided with opposite narrow side slots 19 which are provided on the upper side with ratchet teeth 20. The ratchet bar 1? is provided with lateral projections 21 which are toothed to adapt them to en gage the ratchet 20, as indicated in Fig. 4.

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at the angle indicated in Fig. 4, the jaws are opened-as Widely as the ra chet connection 20, 21, permits; but when the handle is thrown to the position indicated in Fig. 5, that is to say, to the opposite angle to the shank 12, the jaws are closed or moved toward each other more or less, so as to grip the cylindrical object more firmly, the operation in this case being practically the same as in the case of the nut wrench shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The ratchet bar 17 may be slid backward, in which'case the ratchet teeth 20, 21 slide upon eachother, and thus the jaws 11 and 13 may be brought into contact with any object to which the wrench is applied. In order to open the jaws more widely, pressure is applied in'the direction of the arrow (Fig. 4:) against the rounded end of the ratchet bar, thus overcoming the resistance of the spring and freeing the ratchet teeth from each other, which, of course, permits the ratchet to be adjusted forward. The sides of the lateral projections 21 of the ratchet bar are flush with the sides of the handle and the width of the forward portion of the slots 19 in the handle permits the downward movement of said projections 21 sufiiciently to remove them from engagement with thehandle ratchet20.

What I claim is 1. The improved wrench comprising a. fixed jaw and shank, a handle pivoted to said shank, the two being constructed with a rule-joint which permits them to be adjusted at a slight angle to each other'on one side, but prevents such adjustment in the opposite direction, a movable jaw, a ratchet bar. which is pivoted to the movable jaw and slidable in the slot provided in the ivoted handle, a stop on the handle adapte to engage the ratchet, a spring pressing the ratchet bar into normal engagement with the stop, the outer end of the ratchet bar being accessible on the outside of the handle, as described.

.2. The improved nutwrench, comprising a fixed jaw and shank, a handle hinged to the shank by means of a rule-joint which permits them to be adjusted at different opposite angles, a ratchet bar pivoted to the movable jaw and extending rearward, its ratchet teeth being on the outer side, the handle provided with a slotted projection in which the ratchet bar is adapted to slide, a cross-pin passing through such projection and a spring pressing upon the inner side of the ratchet bar and holding it normally locked therewith, the rear end or shank of the ratchet projecting from the slot so that pressure may be applied for freeing the ratchet from the stop, substantially as described.

WILLIAM LOUIS BESSOLO.

Witnesses:

M. L. SAVAGE, A. W. HART. 

